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📘 Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi (İngilizce) · Konu 2 / 5
Introductıon to Socıology (ENG)
Introduction to Sociology
Sociology is the scientific study of human society, social groups, and social interactions. It examines how social structures, institutions, and cultures shape human behavior and societal development.
Key Concepts in Sociology
- Sociological Imagination: Coined by C. Wright Mills, it is the ability to connect personal troubles to public issues.
- Socialization: The lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, and beliefs of their society.
- Social Stratification: A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy (e.g., class, status, power).
- Social Institutions: Established and organized systems of social behavior with a recognized purpose, such as family, education, religion, and the economy.
Major Theoretical Perspectives
| Perspective | Focus | Key Theorists |
|---|---|---|
| Structural Functionalism | Society as a complex system striving for equilibrium and stability. | Emile Durkheim, Talcott Parsons |
| Conflict Theory | Society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and social change. | Karl Marx |
| Symbolic Interactionism | Micro-level study of everyday interactions and meanings. | Max Weber, George Herbert Mead |
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